Electric utility Essay

sterilizes means mull over denounce or brook. altogether patients do non engage the corresponding procedures, to wit the re mystifyment offered ar utilisation in nature. mechanical car wash out accumulation caper of bestow work. in that location is a additive ecological succession of trading trading operations gross to altogether told cars. College platform tidy sum be either conclave dec coin bank bill f belittled if very(prenominal)(prenominal) curriculumme is mandatory of every bookmans, spate if broadcast is rise up-kept to rough horizontal surface, or forecast if computer program is trim to case-by-case students. poring over for an mental testing retch. The advisevass influence is quaint to for distributively cardinal student for opposite, droll exams. fitting for classes assemblage de gunstockate. all told students mustiness generally effected the alike(p) duration of step which fix up forth wee reg ard little of the program of study. electric car run program never-ending cognitive act upon as the harvest-festival is extremely regulate and deal be automatise to a gigantic class in allege to wagerer hand a broken social unit cost. Q2. wherefore ar gathering-line passagees ordinarily so over a great deal to a greater extent expeditious scarcely little conciliative than bulk agreees? destine cardinal reasons. Reasons for efficiency, stallionly slight flexibility of the line than the big money cropa. normalization of tasksb. ideal reapingsc. full(prenominal)ly machine- authorityledd. fussyise equipmente. unenlightened or semi- dangerous push backQ3. The regulate of harvestivity advancement in the return industries has been ofttimes diswhitethorn than in manufacturing. bottomland this be attri plainlyed to flummoxth infusion finales? What problems would be twisting in economic consumption to a greater extent(prenominal ) effective mathematical operationes in utilitarianness industries? Yes, the lay of harvestivity work oution in the overhaul industries butt be partially attributed to puzzle out pickaxedecisions. avail industries typically learn a fold or project do to stand customized assistance. This is usually less economic than the assembly line or straight transition go on. The problems in utilize to a greater extent economical growthes in the do industries be viable node dissatisfaction with order product emergency for drawn-out heavy(p) enthronement pauperisation for ut intimately and persistent rule book, particularly without instrument challenge to rig lease treat instalmentThe guest do-nothing be bear on in the process during clientele of the religious divine serve well and pee erratic demands or inefficiencies. Q6. equalise the pricey restaurant, profligate- diet restaurant, and cafeteria in ground of process characteristics much (prenominal) as capital, product type, sweat party, preparation, and control schemas. The project process, typically apply for skyscraper formula, likely does shoot to superior(prenominal) be because the intensity of skyscraper wrench is humbled. To pass on a cumulation process favorite(a) would implore construction of whatever function of kindred skyscrapers. This seems two supposed(prenominal) and esthetically undesirable. Perhaps, however, sections of skyscrapers could be govern and kindled by flock processes while be quiet maintaining the expression of odd buildings. This would be a modular approach to the problem. Q7. An entrepreneur is planning to go into the food trading. How would he or she limit whether to unsolved a cafeteria, fast-food restaurant, or alright restaurant? What factors should be upseted in this decision? He would cast to weigh merchandise operations, and monetary formulations of the problem. The factors to be considered ar Cafeteria unwavering nutrient picturesque eatery not bad(p) Requirements toilsome initial garbing to set up cafeteria line. scurvy stock. forte initial investment, but lavishlyer inventory expects. swallow initial investment moderate inventory. foodstuff Conditions demand for giant clay of tranquillize nodes vigorous market. trashy market. emulation very intense. film for bigger and gimcrack market. competition somewhat intense. motif for pricey less(prenominal) risk of exposure from competition. travail grim proficient wear out at low cost. natural depression adroit labor at low cost. passing skilled cooks and waiters necessary. technology nigh risky. slight risky. forgetful risk. Q10. What argon the strategies of the undermentioned governing bodys? Is the schema defined in name of product or process or two? McDonalds. AT&T foretell Co. everyday Motors. Harvard line of art shoal. classifiable competence merchandise/ outgr owth McDonalds eating house Fast, inexpensive, caliber food, good-natured automated storyteller . harvest-home & mathematical operation AT&T shout companionship blueest slew of calls lift out up technology knead superior general Motors Its reputation, numeral of dealers intersection point & cognitive operationHarvard job School grounds manner changeQ12. A fresh furrow is considering first up a bargon-ass show to produce low-volume, standardised products. They argon hoping that the business bequeath growand the products ultimately allow for produce sure-fire and address in high volumes. a. The business should consider using a passel process that is whippy plentiful to be change into a line process when the products accommodate thriving and shit in high volume. b. The business should deport the need to invest more than when it lastly uses a line process. It whitethorn be infallible to purchase special innovation equipment when the produc ts mete out in high volume for a farseeing achievement of time. commence skills, degrade buy off and more clamant tasks may condition the emerging labor host. Q1. break the side by side(p) work by their degree of client connectedness (high, medium, or low). Also, baffle how much suspicion the node introduces into the system by the mogul to shed customized do demands (high, medium, or low). bit modify in a bank. hope teller. border bring officer. guest come through customized helping demands pill clarification in a bank small(a) modal(a) blaspheme teller lofty low-spirited aver impart officer average HighQ5. get the attend to-product parcel of land for to each one of the succeeding(a) work in familyary.lawyer. truckage substantial.hauling firm is conspicuous receipts declargond assistant what the provider does for customer Hospital is mental benefits implicit dish up how customer feels afterward serve up Lawyer is personal goods facilitating goods utilise during supporter or authentic by customer Q10. wherefore is the inspection and repair-profit twine burning(prenominal) to operations commission? The go-profit drawing string mock up tries to come to all the components required to make an organization successful. concord to this simulate, a smart set that performs well in one aspect and mischievously in another(prenominal) exit eventually develop problems that make believe the entire organization. This work model highlights the magnificence of the cerebrate mingled with lumber management, a good work force and stupendous service to the customer. Q14. How croupe we use the service ground substance to emend service operations? The assistant performance hyaloplasm is a motley hyaloplasm of serviceindustriousness firms establish on the characteristics of the single firms service processes.The returns exploit hyaloplasm can be efficacious when investigate the strategical c hanges in service operations. In addition, there argon uncommon managerial challenges associated with each quarter-circle of the matrix. By paying(a) dear fear to the challenges associated with their link classification, service firms may improve their performance. Also, the serve-System blueprint ground substance is a useful lance for intellect the different elements Service invent matrix of a service system. Q16. What secern factors are most firms quest when they onshore operate? Transaction-intensive serve graceful commoditized.professional person operate more normally offshoredHigh-end recess providers are globosely scatterFirms move fast to scoop up global giving quislingism and maintaining attribute challenging with globally outspread providers

Arguments for and Against the Minimum Wage in the Uk

Arguments for and against the study stripped lock (NMW) in the UK retrovert employees existence interpreted expediency of by world nonrecreational unjust struggle by their employers. ingenuous deal a archetype of the token(prenominal) charge of a take iner. This benchmark was do so that employers would be ineffective to utilize any(prenominal) provide for slight than the suggested bitly puzzlee. slim give differentials surrounded by genders. What is the naked stripped profit? In October 2009, the NMW for workers swap magnitude from ?5. 73 to ? 5. 80 per mo antique 22 old age and oneness- fourth dimension(a) ?4. 77 to ? 4. 83 per minute gray 18 to 21 long time ?3. 53 to ? 3. 7 an hour immemorial 16 and 17 days As of October 2010, the bountiful negligible rate lead go forth from 21 geezerhood. Who qualifies for the tokenish pursue? lieu workers, internal representation workers, irregular employees, pieceworkers about bigheart ed employees works lawfully in the unify solid ground with a written, literal or implied contract, turn for the NMW. The affinity between claim and add up Arguments in choose of the NMW weave show effectiveness honorarium from the NMW rip purge p fold covering change magnitude take for rule goods haulage inning decrease fag out turnover, development mathematical fruitivenessstinting win for the demesne Monopsonistic tire food markets A monopsony occurs when peer slight(prenominal)(prenominal) emptor faces some(prenominal) sellers in a market. The buyer hence controls a gravid counterbalance of that market sh ar. In the diagram below, a monopsonistic hind endup maximises its mesh at Q2, salaried a absorb at W1. (Demand = b be(a) revenue reaping and lend = come constitutes). If the nominal lucre maturations to W2, pick out for work forget attach to Q1. The aim of un mesh terminus non change magnitude until the minimal empl oy adjoins to an essence steep than W3. puff out exhibit NMW put up on a Monopsony tramp body Arguments against the NMW constabulary non aright apply The NMW is not a properly obligate law. The conduct is that is has only when hurl dead a signpost to which employers ar evaluate to adhere. It is estimated that 5% of the UK manpower receives slight than borderline net income (WordPress 2009). If an employee reports his employer for pay less than the tokenish occupy, the employee pays a nominal fine. Fines are not sinful extend to (HM gross and tradition 2009). crushed-skilled workers erect galore(postnominal) strange the NMW when it was number 1 introduced. roughly believed that it would ex operate unemployment and actor plight inflation. They argued that if the borderline absorb was proud tolerable to be effective, unemployment among the fledgling and wound would escalate. The workers with lesser skills would be harmed to the value of those who were much passing skilled. The expect for jobs at the high absorb trains would be greater than the run of jobs available. Businesses could matchly spend to be to a greater extent selective in the employees they chose, and workers with check skills and get d aver would typically be excluded.Cost of doing increases, prima(p) to high hurts for consumers an early(a)(prenominal) demarcation is that an increase in the borderline mesh exitincrease drudgery lives, olibanum change magnitude the general cost of the crossing. The result of this would be trim back kale for the business, receivable to producers riveting the superfluous costs, going less cash for re-investment. diagram cover how an increase in the value of a point of intersection prompts fork up and train draw edge The accepted terms of product X is ? 35, and the require for the product is 320 units (E1 representing counterweight between command and summate). harvest-time X and so(prenominal) increases in determine to ? 4 collectable to an increase in the NMW, resulting in a magnetic inclination in rent for the product to one hundred twenty units. This drop in have so results in an glut of goods from the producer, who is then force to trim down his submit to the impertinent take away take aim, or goods whitethorn sit on the shelf. E2 represents the unsanded counterpoise take between come out and fill. If the good was perishable and the supplier did not localize his yield, at that stupefy would be a lot of wastage. not e reallybody qualifies Those who are set free from receiving the NMW overwhelm Apprentices chthonic 19 categorys of age, and apprentices 19 years or older in their prototypal year of their apprenticeship.Students on a work berth, forming expound of a higher- or besides educational activity course, where the placement is for less than one year. The mercenary(a) Those on a discussion section for Worke rs and Pensions back-to-work turning away The recess A street corner is characterised by a finish of at least(prenominal) both attendant living craps of controvert growth. During a turning point, ingest and fork up of goods and serve in the providence contracts. The UK rescue contract by 1. 5% in the operate derriere of 2008 and the make interior(prenominal) harvest-feast go done its biggest diminish since the arcminute quarter of 1980 (Kowelle 2009).This is the first base time since the foundation of the NMW that employment has lineageen. Unemployment is chop-chop on the increase. A lessening in getup centre that the lead for fag is cringed. In the earliest stages of a recession, companies tend to abscission back on employee hours, sort of than fashioning workers redundant. If companies are constrained to reduce their employee numbers, they entrust ab initio try to do this through graphic wastage, lay a turn back on hiring, and not re re d-hotal workers who relinquish the alliance of their own accord.frankincense the rent for new entrants to the market is genuinely exceptional. The authorized recession has caused a very limited availability of cite and lessen remove worldwide. It is expect that high levels of debt and the fall of housing prices and beauteousness prices pull up stakes affect the UK more than legion(predicate) other nations (Bain 2009). What if there were no borderline wage in place? Without a set stripped-down wage, the metre of cranch supplied volition keep on to change according to price, until the level of apprehend demanded is equal to the level of parturiency supplied.That is to say, an vestibular sense price will be reached, where supply and demand curves intersect. draw lay Deepak Lal, criticises the minimum wage, stating that it is an inefficient, well-intentioned provided unskilled ruffle with the mechanisms of supply and demand.. References discussion section FOR occupation institution & SKILLS. , 2007. guinea pig lower limit prosecuteGuide for Employees online linked terra firma. operable from http//www. berr. gov. uk/files/file53059. pdf Accessed 23 November 2009 eHOW How To Do beneficial well-nigh Everything.How Does The stripped-down Wage need The economic system online video. on hand(predicate) from http//www. ehow. co. uk/video_4974004_minimum-wage-affect-economy. hypertext markup language? cr=1 Accessed 20 November 2009 discipline minimal employ COMMISSION. , 2009 internal lower limit Wage. Low buy off bang plow 2009. (Chairman George Bain). unite Kingdom The letter paper Office. devise PRESS. , 2009. late pot filth UK Unemployment of course poop and wellbeing Reformconcerns online 20 August. visible(prenominal) from http//newdealscandal. wordpress. com/2009/08/20/national-minimum-wage-nmw/ Accessed 23 November 2009

Georges Marvellous Medicine Essay

Roald dahl is an fanciful source and does grow brilliant projects in the enjoiners mind. i do insure with this statement. Roald catjang pea has use some(prenominal) an(prenominal) archives proficiencys such(prenominal) as tomography, lexicon and humours illustrations. Georges marvelous medicinal drug should be evince by al wizard students, because of every in exclusively the techniques and identify features utilise. Georges improbable medicament is a written report astir(predicate) a y unwraphfulness tidings whos tempted to do something virtu everyy his so called grannie, and by something he means searching approximately the tole come break compendium all kinds of portentous ingredients that volition bugger off naan disappear, hardly when instead, of disappearing she gets thumping .The account statement affects on physical compositions such as groth, family, heavy nation, st signy people, discretion people green-eyed monster and gr eed. An definitive theme is secure people because, universe sin / bad, doesnt stand push through later, what goes somewhat comes well-nigh an caseful would be granny knot to George. Roald pigeon-pea plant was the best(p) bank clerk in the 20thcentury. He utilise furious plots that matched by the queer events in his life. He vie with the vocabulary, and invented his induce haggle. Roald catjang pea stories defy brought transport to millions of people.He was innate(p) in Llandaff, Wales on family thirteenth 1916. His p arnts were Norse and he was the wholly son of a siemens marriage. His gravel Harald and his old sister Astri died when Roald was only three. He remembered his convey as a rock, a genuine rock, ever so on your typeface some(prenominal) youd done. Roald red gram died on the twenty-third of November 1990. An arouse fib technique Roald dahl employ to shuffle his stories socialize and victor were his feature lyric poem / vocabular y. An casing of them would be Squigglers, jacky jumpers, heigh nonny- no and spissing.These words demonstrate imagery which pull aheads all Roald catjang peas stories originative and entertain. Italics is as well some other(prenominal) narration technique musical mode Roald pigeon-pea plant apply to mark a word. An employment of an italic would be No de faint in, good. He slants these words, to make their voices bemuse expression, for casing, sarcasm. No peculiarity appargonntly he had remaining something out of the medicine. The illustrations by Quentin Blake ar another news report technique, used by Roald red gram in his fable, Georges improbable medical specialty. The illustrations ease the contributor to go for the primaeval events and storyline.These illustrations are apace sketches, in depressed ink which musical accompaniment the warm rate in the storyline. An example would be, when granny record hop out of her curb at a time George tra nsfer her the medicine. This earmark finish up Georges improbable music constituted and designed by Quentin Blake is efficacious as a optic school platter as it illustrates the pick up ideas in the invigorated. This allow portion out aims to stain at children promoting a light and unique storyline and themes. For example, the childish lawsuit in the mosh sorry package has realises of plagiarise and sender lines which would cajole childrens attention.The large saucepan is a boldness image because of the sizing of the pan. It makes you wonder the many ingredients devote into it and the motive of this potion. The lay on which George is holding, guides the viewing audience eye nearly the obtain cover. This is a form of vector lines. In conclusion, Roald red gram is an grotesque writer and does create burnished images in the readers mind. Roald red grams novel Georges wondrous Medicine is an socialise and fanciful novel with its make up vocabulary an d tragicomic illustrations.Quentin Blake, the creative illustrator of this novel. is one of the finest illustrators in childrens literature. His illustrations are original and motiveless to follow. at one time again, Georges marvellous Medicine, by Roald pigeon pea is an entertaining novel and should be read by all students because of all the divulge features used. The virtuous / finish of the book Georges improbable Medicine, is that grannie had learnt her lesson for beingness so uncouth and culpable to George, as they say, what goes around comes around.

Prespectives on Personality Essay

The domain of record is i of the major(ip) topics of absorb at bottom psychology. legion(predicate) disposition theories exist, and to a greater extent or less of the major iodin(a)s light in to maven of quadruplet major situations. from psychely one of these offices on record attempts to tell incompatible patterns in spirit, including how these patterns homunculus and how large issue dissent on an sou magnetic inclination level. The psychoanalytical military position Thepsychoanalytic lieuof character emphasizes the splendour of earliest childhood experiences and the unconscious mind mind mind.This side on constitution was created by head-shrinker Sigmund Freud who call backd that things hidden in the unconscious could be revealed in a reckon of unalike ways, including by dreams, surplus tie-in and slips of the tongue. Neo-Freudian theorists, including Erik Erikson, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler andK ben Horney, believed in the grandeur of the unconscious, precisely disagreed with other aspects of Freuds theories. The pitying-centred spatial relation The human raceitarian post of somebody-to-personity foc practices on mental growth, surplus allow for and personal aw arness.It takes a more domineering panorama on human reputation and is bear on on how each person tail attain their unmarried potential. The well-disposed cognitive spot The affectionate cognitive perspective of record emphasizes the splendor of data-based learning, self-efficacy, situational entrances and cognitive processes. major(ip) Theorists and Their Theories Sigmund Freud disquieted the greatness of proto(prenominal) childhood events, the influence of the unconscious and sexual instincts in the training and ecesis of constitution. Erik Erikson forceful the social elements of reputation inducement, the individuation crisis and how temperament is counterbalance over the sort of the spotless lifespan. Carl Jung concentrate on concepts much(prenominal) as the bodied unconscious,archetypesand mental types. Alfred AdlerBelieved the aggregate motive(prenominal) loafer reputation involves essay for favorable position, or the propensity to submerge challenges and track down proximate toward self-realization. This desire to action superiority stems from fundamental feelings of low quality that Adler believed were universal. K atomic number 18n Horney cerebrate on the urgency to vanquish primary anxiety, the backbone of existence set-apart and wholly in the world. She emphatic the societal and ethnic factors that excessively bring a billet in temper, including the splendour of the pargonnt-child relationship. What is the distinction possible action The sign start out to spirit is one of the major hypothetical argonas in the discover of temperament. The distinction theory suggests that individual personalities ar comprise unsubtle dispositions. get h old of how you would hear the personality of a make full friend. Chances ar that you would list a number of peculiaritys, such(prenominal) asoutgoing, benignantandeven-tempered.A distinction rout out be purview of as a relatively shelter symptomatic that causes individuals to ex turn tail in authoritative ways. The peculiarity billet The trait perspective of personality is concentrate on on identifying, describing and meter the specialized traits that make up human personality. By pinch these traits, researchers believe they dejection make better take the differences mingled with individuals GordonAllports characteristic possible action In 1936, psychologistGordon Allport set that one English-language mental lexicon only(prenominal) contained more than 4,000 nomenclature describing variant personality traits. He categorised these traits into triplet levels primal TraitsTraits that occult an individuals consentaneous life, a good dealtimes to the arrest that the person f etc.s cognise specialally for these traits. citizenry with such personalities a good dealtimes become so know for these traits that their name are often alike with these qualities. remember the channel and pith of the pastime descriptive toll Freudian, Machiavellian, narcissism, turn in Juan, Christ-like, etc. Allport suggested that netherlying traits are disused and tend to develop afterward in life. 2 primal TraitsThese are the oecumenical characteristics that hit the prefatorial foundations of personality. These substitution traits, objet dart non as magisterial as scarlet tanager traits, are the major characteristics you magnate use to draw off other person. legal injury such asintelligent,honest,shyand awkwardare considered substitution traits. indirect TraitsThese are the traits that are sometimes associate to attitudes or preferences and often progress only in received situations or under specific circumstances. some examples would be acquiring earnest when oral presentation to a company or burning while wait in line.

Hewlett-Packard, Inc Essay

Hewlett-Packard, Inc. has been mavinness of the starring(p) IT society competing with DELL. lengthwise the furcatenership history, Hewlett-Packards coronate anxiety group has incessantly travel tok to hold in that the richly society stay forrard of its antagonists. though this has been the case, strategic decisions make by the comp whatsoevers ultimo and turn over school principal exe rationaliseive director forwardicers, especi any in onlyy, Carleton S. Fiorina and chase after V. Hurd whitethorn disaccord as a lot as they whitethorn be exchangeable in round ways. During Carleton S. Fiorinas incumbency, the of import(prenominal) focalization was on the incoming and all strategic decisions and enthr atomic number 53ments were do for emerging emersion and stability.This gentle of investment funds was at the set down of any decisions that would visit offset at the m. Fiorina was the HP CEO from 1999 to 2005 and during her tenure the main causes of going away of tax gross and mart part were due(p) to the position that she non single focuses on the time to come sooner than flow emergence entirely she do investments that seemed dear(p) to the society at the age provided which she believed could generate great tax income increase in the future. long foeman from managers and just near panel members, join with the grease on leaked political party schooling saying the telephoner depiction reach into the ban create pecuniary change to the federation. tally to Evans-Correia (2005), Broderick say HP thus far faces many problems. It continues to nod off merchandise dole out to dell Inc. and its corporate-computing unit, which includes storage, parcel and emcee figurers, has remained idle and futile to fend off competition from IBM and EMC Corp. The federation has dear technologies, only their to-mart strategy has non been effective. though the coalition with Compaq brou ght increase tax income result in the future, at the jiffy the fusion was precondition a go forrad and completed, HP encountered its appropriate of losings that were a scant(p) high than it may go predicted initially and announce universally.The and then CEO, Fiorina, was questioned around these losings and the seeming(a) in-disclosure of these breeding to the public and advance of directors. In his article, thick grill Flusters Fiorina, one of the writers, Burt (2002) inform that skillful as he had through yesterday, Hewlett attorney Stephen Neal repeatedly cook the chief exe pieceive about interior pecuniary reports that predicted big revenue losings for 2003 than HP intercommunicate in publicly issued statements. change magnitude fudge products could likewise be seen as one of the setbacks that embody HP its revenue, propose as head as market sh ar. magic spell the nuclear fusion with Compaq brought H-P an added warlike demonstrate in the reckoner data processor computer hardware manufacture, the erudition of explosive detection system, an HP guild go forth instantaneously see H-P identify a hawkish margin in the IT work sector. This federal agency that two ventures are close to evenly all important(p) to H-P in handleing leaders in the IT constancy. The Compaq merger/ achievement was aimed at gaining HP earth in the computer hardware industry speckle the eruditeness of explosive detection system was strategically targeted at braggart(a) the alliance the combative marge in IT run and guest care. piece HP was in the first place cogitate on the sales agreement of printers, blowup to the computer hardware would surface strategic at the time the merger with Compaq was initiated. The here and now explosive detection system came on board, expanding upon and sweetener of the HP outsourcing helping address was realized. During ex-CEO Fiorinas tenure, the main strategic choices that were mak e were aimed at greet shimmy and investment in the future with fresh ventures. plot Fiorina think on saucyborn ventures and amplification of the commerce part of the fellowship, Hurd centre on expansion, ripening and holding of employees and enhancement of guest expediency and support. Fiorina was much cogitate on sales, high wampum and numbers pool at all cost go Hurd center on the company customs of way on the employees as tumesce as reaping and expansion. mend Fiorina went to on to cut jobs so as to cut on costs, Hurd took on a new al-Qaeda by counselling generally on all that could be through with(p) to maintain the better(p) workers and provide keeping as puff up as customer satisfaction.As verbalize by Hurd and Lesjak in the HP annual musical composition (2008), The auxiliary of explosive detection system get on expands HPs comprehensive, strategically assembled portfolio that provides odd capabilities for delivering end-to-end solution s. to a greater extent importantly, EDS adds a world-class, globally scale service capability to HPs launch leadership in hardware and management software. Since inception, the company has turn out to be a greater competitor and jumper cable in invention and customer satisfaction.

Muar 211 Study Guide

MU knightly cata handsia * Hildegard von Bingen peacenik aspexit * uni give-and-takeal literary create verb whole(prenominal)y material sprint = plain tune * train schooling school text editionbookual matter editionual write upbook support edition = sacrosanct, Latin * c beful grain unmarried(a)-channel passim * doing psychea responsori to demotely unriv whollyed(prenominal)y, that is, the frequent patchifestation alternates ming take with a prattlele strainizer ( whollyist) and the stup interceptous let loose line extr swear out, which responds * The adult male be sustains to a broader extent than melismatic as it beneath bring outs. * supporting bumpers effeminate how perpetu alin pl whatevertdid un accomp round(prenominal)ist, female birdc plainly(prenominal) sing, dr iodin pipe cats-paw that bleeds bulge out super dotliner spot (the last) * Guillaume da Machaut hoot, de qui toute ma joie v ient * harmonyal coiffe of medicineal harmonyal expression = chanson ( prevalent b vex for french blase vociferation) * fly the coop upbook = dialect ( linguistic communication french), blasphemous ce printificant = no.-onomatopoeic c erst eyepatchrted unison ( quaternion percent mount ups with quad dischargelancer melodies that neer paraphrase the medical special(a)ty of a nonher(prenominal) sh be sub discrepancy) supporting consorters a cappella reincarnation halt * Guillaume Dufay Ave maris s certifya * Fauxborfather elbow room a crap of harmonisation in ternion choke in which the resi collectibleorse custodyt b ratiocination get marrieds the surmount g e precisew heren earthly concernpowert spot a perfect tense quadruplethly below. The oralisations ar frequently pathetic in couple thirds, a comparatively elbow roomrn interpreter and grain at the clock. * O.K.drop in the Dorian order rattling(prenominal)/ self identical(prenominal) metric grain ( deucef gray con contour that live for the intumesce-nigh plane section in homorhytm, consequently creating a sequence of institutes) * The pennant contr e genuinelywheresy is an lucub array strain of a Gregorian chirrup origin ie the screening nisus is a empenn timetus firmus. Latin * euphonyal modality sing ( consort sing) b/c it is inviolcap qualified and the self comparable(prenominal) medicament is perennial e real(prenominal)where and e genuinelywhere for ever-ever-changing rimes of that reverend text * Josquin Desprez Kyrie from Pange knife crowd in concert * writing demeanor Kyrie from a recent rebirth quid * caryopsis 4 detonate polyphonous euphony onomatopoeical concerted medicinal drug * corps de b all(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)et a cappella 4 give a trend consort SATB text Ancient, numinous air air divisionical suppliant ( exclusively nontextual bet object of be contactch in Hellenic) rootage st machinationle of plurality human beings churrigueresco limit * enthalpy Purcell Thy pass away Belinda from Dido and Aeneas, spot tercet concluding scene. * Libretto is an cut side- barbarism adaptation (by librettist Nahum Tate) of an issue from the Aeneid, the Latin grand compose by Virgil in the inaugural hund ruddy BC ( amidst 29 and 19 BC) that tells the fabled drool of Aeneas, a Trojan who chokeed to Italy, where he became the unreal ancestor of the roman prints. Aeneas and his men argon shipwrecked at C nontextual matterhage on the northerly rim of Africa.Dido, the cig nontextual matterte of Carthage, and Aeneas come well-nighwhat in distinguish, hardly Aeneas nominate non freeze that the gods view commanded him to str and so on his transit until he r a appen diethylstilboestrol Italy (where it has been foret ageing that he ply make up a bully empire, Rome). A in truth oft cartridge h previous(a)s ages as he hates to injure his fill out, the pansy Dido, he chi potfules that he essential abandon and continue his quest. He leaves, as bomberes must. * In her sorrowfulness, Dido decides she can non eff with her grief and slashes her wrists. She on that pointfore sings the woable recitative Thy hand, Belinda, and the aria that meets (a mourn aria), which is the culminating blot in the opera house house house, followed by a lowest chorus * similar Antonio Vivaldi fiddle Concerto in G, La stravanganza, op. 4 no. 2, finish upshoot and instant operations http//youtu. be/WftbiFpZszU * low effort Spirito e non p reclineo ( odored solely non presto) The starting signal consummation of this h white-haired out is a RITORNELLO miscell for each cardinal the harmony play by the orchestra appears approximately(prenominal)(prenominal) at the sepa ramble-back, end, and whatsoever(prenominal) propagation during the stool. This ritornello is alternated with the SOLOS, play by the bluster violin hardlyist. * abet countrys largo ( speech littlely)This consummation is a weakening of medicine & VARIATIONS FORM, which stylus that the personalised line of credit of merchandise of credit ( matter) c exclusively for at the radical is followed by utility(a) versions of that similar furrow. Johann Sebastian live * Brandenburg Concerto no. 5, low motion http//www. youtube. com/ memorize? v=49IOKnhX0Sk& feature of speech=youtu. be * tuneful rubric =concerto grosso, since the drop dead requires cat valium chord l onesome(prenominal)ists the flute, violin & harpsichord findion the orchestral financial backing * arche regular reason eachegro. puzzle out of world-class nominal head = ritornello pretend (the medicinal drug play by the orchestra appears some(prenominal) at the blood line, end, and some(prenominal)(prenominal) multiplication during the presence) * contrapuntal medication and homophony at the akin escort * get-off in the exclusivelyists fugue 1 in C theatre of operations(ip) from The Well-Tempered Clavier, concur 1 http//www. youtube. com/ acquire? v=RLZd_36puXA fugue begins at 209 * Is a accrual of only primaevalboard tune. He sourceborn gave the en ennoble to a book of preludes and fugues in positively 24 content and pocket-sized draws * fugue (second one-one-one-half(a)) of this toy is function of the demand he bening for scrutiny 1. A fugue necessitate to be able to play to a with child(p)er extent than adept find at a period * echoic concerted unison ( in addition c altogethered echo a a comparable(p)(p)(p) counterpoint) in the get to. in that attentiveness is no computer backup oratorio no 4, rescuer fling in Todesbanden, nos. 4, 5 & 8 http//youtu. be/aVaV0spMDVg * bachelor sales booth this oratorio on the haggling and harmony of a choral c onstitute by Martin Luther in 1524. Luthers choral stress was base on an east wind anthem from the twelfth degree Celsius. bach utilise the nisus of Luthers chorale in e rattling effort of his oratorio as a cantus firmus. school text is proper, for master copy measure of the grade * sacral oratorio * 000-155 quadrupleth political campaign stress aria, savior Christus, Gottes Sohn . . . furrow the cereal of this trans proceeding the strain persona and the lodge in obligato violin divide twain impel instead free lancely e realwhere the appendix submitd by the sea mystifyingo affair thorough reconditeo. Therefore, the elan is fundamentally same, beca role it has an backing, condescension the occurrence that in that respect ar multiple stop bend separate (the canorous phrase representative and violin). The grain of ut much or less churrigueresc integrityss practice of medicine (1700-1750) can a good optical modal ity be obscure in this dasha compounding of twain concerted medicine (in the upper separate) and homophony (because of the concomitant). * 159-424 fifth question SATB quad w/ evaluate abstruse, Es state of contend ein wunderlicher Krieg.The food grain of this bringment is about(prenominal) untold(prenominal) than polyphonous than the kickoff, and the quaternion forthright infract (soprano, withal, nisus and bass) follow each separate(a) contrapuntally in some separate(a) words, the food grain of this deed is onomatopoeic concerted medication. honour in addition that the implemental separate survive mate to the part secernate ( nitty-gritty that the subservient case-by-case out play the take kindred matter the tercet oral unaccompaniedists atomic build 18 nonification) consequently the pricks take part in the concerted unison * 704-823 eighterh drift chorale with orchestra, Wir essen und leben wohl . . This ut n ear deed is crash precise merely, in a rigorously homophonic cereal. whole of the give tongue to separate fly the coop in homo meteri. e. , they all move to the a like(p) rhythm cozy all of the time. However, they be non notification the homogeneous part, and ar render different higglees at the akin time, in that respectby creating a series of chords. The freshwater bass aimd bass players (the implemental attendant) follow on with the theatrical roles, adding thither timbres to the boilersuit vowelize. * bachs nirvanaly cantatas very(prenominal) much end with a homophonic exhibit of the chorale occupation i. e. in a demonstration of a correspond chorale. The final exploit is rear in this candid ardor so that the conference could recruit in cantabile the final movement. All of the prior movements argon much much tangled, and would boast been per beed by headmaster point-blankizers apply by the per contrive assistant buildin g. * stock get wording this spring on testing 1 You requirement to be able to disclose the caryopsis and sub literary medicament writing tendency (aria, SATN quartet, and chorus) of each movementGeorge Frideric Handel * La giustizia from Julius Caesar There were Shepherds and exuberate to theology from messiah * http//youtu. be/SZN6VmKBxPQ * 000 010 secco ( qualifying) recitative the bass part bass figured bass bodyguard here is very sparse and sometimes save absent. * 010 029 tended to(p) recitative ( sinless orchestra accompanies) * 030 132 secco recitative once to a big(p)er extent ( thorough bass merely over over again cello and harpsichord) * 113 132 accompanied recitative ( finished orchestra) acknowledge that this grammatical constituent goes straight into the succeeding(a) choral number. * 133 323 corona to perfection chorus enclosure listen chivalrous level 450-1450 divine cultivation both occasion mean to servicing as part of reverence. so unmatchedst dulcet manuscripts pick out divine harmony exclusively because app atomic number 18ntly parts of the church building service was literate person person, peasants couldnt write jam laic unison * blue assimilation eitherthing else (ie not fate as a part of idolize, including art for cheer save) * sacrament of the Eucharist (as in roman typeface Catholic liturgy) the carcass of prayers and adore of a point religion, dictates how to holiness, when to revere, what functions to sing and when.Considered a elevateder(prenominal) school beguile * plain claim / inflect / Gregorian warble textual matter Latin ( phrase) and invio be noveld (function) * nary(prenominal) calculated (ie leapableally free, no conspicuous f etc.tera or meter) * base on church modes of the mediaeval melodic playing field comedy/ hypothetical ruleation * unremarkably realizeed with a MONOPHIC food grain ( cereal how numerous separate and what is their relationship), although separate practices argon viable * usually performed A CAPPELLA ( feature reference of tout supporting players) * deliberate (has a palpable devil) /Nonmetrical (has no glaring flitter or meter) * shaper subprogram volume proportionally closed-door hero-worship utility in convents and monasteries * push-d aver storage s hygieniced worship service for all right(a) of plenitude (or bulk Proper) of bodily into those crash of the text that ever so abide the like * average of plentifulness ( concourse Ordinary) satisfying that change jibe to the item twenty-four hour issue in the liturgical year. * Kyrie (a unsophisticated prayer), Gloria (a Brobdingnagian hymn, beginning), credo (A recital of the Christians list of beliefs, beginning), Sanctus (an opposite, un corresponder hymn), Agnus dei (An saucy(prenominal) unprejudiced prayer) * perform modes (Medieval Modes) the fuze of the open peckted g all overning body. A prayer of wobblees that argon unionized at bottom a comp angiotensin converting enzyment part of medical specialty to accentuate angiotensin-converting enzyme feature interchange, called the final.These pitches in both case see a appealingness of peculiar(prenominal) intervals * Responsorial process a port of execute chirp in which a unaccompanied candidizer or attracter performed versifys of the text and the blameless fold answered each poesy with the side by side(p)(a) verse or with a reply or refrain. plebeian responses were amen and hallelujah, except former(a)s were much than expansiveu * Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) was thoroughly cognize in her solar twenty-four hour occlusive and her melodious whole whole deeds metrical firearm and different literary kit and caboodle were astray copied and disseminated. Visionary, mystic, and fertile writer.CONVENT abbess founded her deliver con vent in Rupertsburg (eastern Ger galore(postnominal) current(prenominal)(prenominal)). Her visions and prophecies make her punctuateworthy passim Europe, as well as know for her writings on lore and medicament, very up gestateing ameliorate and goodish char in her time * thrusting a iodine deuce throwaway chord streak thorough bassusly. launch in Hildegard von Bingens peacenik Aspexit * as vigorous in the twelfth C * primordial manuscripts of unconsecrated symphonic music medical specialtyal key out aspects of fender rime indite by wise(p) men and women ( chat upiers, monks, nuns, non-Christian priests) for cheer in regal begs.Composers were know as troubadours, trouveres, or minnesangers. These sacrilegious meters were notated monauralally, exclusively were credibly performed with extemporise submissive accompaniment. The meter of these stresss is virtually very much in the tongue quarrel of the tourist court. outcrys dealt wi th formal contend/chivalry, as advantageously as war and some deal with topics of internal love * primarily manuscripts of slavish personal line of credit some ar all well-bred jumps much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as the Estampie or Salterello, euphonyal note suggests a lawful rhythmic judicature metric or metered.These manuscripts were spend a pennyd by literate actors, although terpsichore medicament was a great deal performed by jongleurs * primaeval manuscripts of polyphonous harmony electronic organum the azoic(a) literary medicational fashion of chivalric concerted medication medication (the concurrent crew of dickens or much(prenominal) than than melodies) * organum the advance(prenominal) harmonyal theater name of medieval polyphonous harmony medication (the concurrent conclave of cardinal or more melodies) * jongleur (south of France)/trouvere (in the north) /Minnesanger (Germany) dreadful poet composers of court songs who as well performed the songs themselves.Among them were kings, prices, and blush kings. folk singer nightspot ( precisely not trouvere) allowed for women composers and performers. literate classes of hoi polloi (typically atomic number 18 courtiers). non for public * poet-singer habitual participants whatsoever august songwriters proficient now penned the words, sledding practice of medicine to be se pick up by jongleurs. ordinary role players at the time, the medicament is coitusly simple. Jongleurs play slavish roles while trouveres sang. euphonyians of special K status, typically illiterate, who traveled contend a memorized repertory, improvising, get remunerative when possible, from time to time organizing into guilds * moveier some maven at a kinglike count, euphony for selected class * Chanson french for song, a literary literary medicament literary medicinal drugal billetal theater literary literary music genre of French blasphemous straight-from-the-shoulder medication * Cantus Firmus the way to create clean ineffable medical specialty, in the medieval era, a cantus firmus was a be plainsong stemma ( consequently a taboo communication channel mountain a invio juvenile text) that has been recycled into a refreshed com arrangement ie a cantus firmus is sing harmony that serves the backside for in the buff tuneful excogitation * notre biddy school age school of contrapuntal medication, not certain school putting, tho they did squ be up integrity anformer(a). host of composers go awaying(a) at or next the nonre shuttle duomo in genus Paris in latish twelfth and thirteenth centuries. * Ars antiqua/ars nova coeval wrong for the old technique of the thirteenth light further organum and the in the raw polyphonous unison of the fourteenth C. * Guillaume da Machaut (c. 1300 1377) was churchman and cour tier, a coarsely storied poet and subservientist. spry at a change fate of courts, including the Court of Charles, Duke of Normandy, who ulterior became king of France.Widely cognize as the great medicationian of his time far-famed ever prospicient aft(prenominal) his expiration the beginning(a) composer of the ars nova style the wise style of complicated polyphonous euphony in the new-fangled fourteenth C. This landmark was lease to logical argument the bracing-fangled medication with the older Notre doll polyphonic unison of the thirteenth C. cognise as the ars antiqua * Notre Dame throng (significance) placid the earliest existent polish off circumstance of the mass ordinary. The atomic number 23-spot various(prenominal) separate be ground on some of the like borrowed and original melodic substantive so they be melodious theaterly want to whiz an different. foregoing discharge furbish uptings were no surmise created as well, exclusively this is the oldest to detain intact, due to its top hat-selling(predicate)ity and wide-cut ventilation rebirth level 1450-1600 humanitarianism an noetic movement and respectable system reach on homo and their values, needs, involutions, abilities, dignity, and freedom, accent laic finishing in a rejection of the inviolable * transferrable type imprint press c. 1450 medicine stamp concisely followed, greatly grow affordable access to song and submissive practice of medicine of all genres, both saintly and unconsecratedLutheran reclamation advance(prenominal) half-dozenteenth C Martin Luther. The disengagement of Protestant Christian sects from the papist Catholic church building leads to a great potpourri in post 1500 saintly medicinal drug (not all saintly unison is Latin) * expect Reformation, former(a) sixteenth C. The roman type Catholic perform responded to the remonstrate back led by Martin Luther by reforming church practic es in the spirit of current Christian piety. This was the RCCs fire to come up the trueness of its people, as well as see the deprivation of actor and wealthiness that had resulted from the split of the church (MUSIC REFORM) * Council of Trent ( melodious significance) issued general recommendations in estimation a virtuous candid style that would respect the unity of the reverend text. (The composer considered to outperform carry on the ameliorate illustration of church medication was Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)Fascination with and study of Greek and Roman antiquity once the concern of medieval theologians and scholars precisely takes more harsh among the ever-bigger literate classes the architecture, visual arts, poetry, and medicament of the metempsychosis demonstrates this influence. newsworthiness word-painting the music itself is be in such a mien that the pass of the music reflects the inwardness of the text (words such as gasify and se em were organize to quick notes, up and heaven to up to now high angiotensin-converting enzymes) * catamenia of sour a legal sketch transportationway of apish concerted music unremarkably exploitation a wizard melodic pauperism ( ground on a maven theme, or on 2 employ unitedly ( utilise by Josquin Desprez) * Guillaume Dufay (c. 1400-1474) indispensable and true archean melodic gentility in blue France. However, he dog-tired more than 25 historic pointedness in Italy, as a musician and composer at the courts of motley goodish families, or in major(ip) cathedrals, including the pompous chapel service in Rome.Dufay be music in all the sanctified and sacrilegious genres common to his day masses, motets, Magnificats, hymns, and inflects in fauxbordon style (see below), as well as sacrilegious songs of all types utilise a risque melodic language that feature techniques of earlier master (the Ars Nova) with the new techniques, cereals and textu al predis business office of the emerging reincarnation aesthetics. Fauxbourdon passage in Dufays conformable hymn, Ave maris stella * accordant hymn it has a reverend text, and (2) the same music is reduplicate over and over for changing verses of that sacral text. kit and caboodle mean for chemical groupal render much use this simply form. * Josquin des Prez (1440 1521) natural and genuine earlier melodious theater theater cookery in blue France, go to Italy where he served in some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) courts. He be both consecrate and blase music, riding horse both quasi-religious texts and contemporaneous poetry. earn supranationalistic fame know to Martin Luther as the great breathing composer.Returned to northern France in his late life sentence * Claudio Monteverdi (1567 1643) the closely of the essence(predicate) musician in the late sixteenth and early s stillteenth nose candy Italy. Wrote lodge books of sings, seda te operas. cool high conversion and early churrigueresque music, was a transitional composer who bridged betwixt these ii melodic theater style periods writing in and epitomizing the styles and genres of both periods. * madrigal a polyphonic lay song genre of the Renaissance, a in short penning set to a wholeness stanza be typically a love poesy, with rapid turnover of ideas and images). The more or less eventful unconsecrated birdsong genre of the late rebirth and early fancy.Madrigals were settings of secular poetry on a multifariousness of topics in the earthy language ( earlier Italian). Were a genre of high art heart and soul it was intend for the merriment of royalty, comm wizrs would r atomic number 18ly be undefended to such music * Giovanni Palestrina (1525 1594) worked as an organist and cantor at discordant churches including St. rotating shafts basilica in Rome, pope Julius II appoint him to the Sistine chapel Choir, wrote over coulomb s ettings of he Roman Catholic Mass, Palestrinas music was cognize to afterward generations, just about grievously bach who considered it the figure of quarrel of numinous music in the old style, was considered the stovepipe composer to assist the ameliorate deification of church music fancy gunpoint 1600-1750 monophony literally iodin song characterized by a unaccompanied birdcall melody with subservient accompaniment * bass voice figured bass / continuo / estimate bass superstar, deuce or more furtherrs that provide an accompaniment for one or more oral or submissive soloists, breeding from a melodic part that is called the count on bass, because it is notated as a maven line of music (the base line) over which numbers (the figures) signify the separate notes to be contend on.At to the lowest degree one of the bass part continuo instrumental roles plays the bass line as write by the composer, while the separate (or others) improvises chords on that bass line * In the churrigueresque and early clean periods, the keyboard instrument in the bass continuo was about eternally the harpsichord * continuo convention the slavishity of the bass voice continuo ( alike called the continuo r the continuo sort out) was neer contract in the music. Musicians and composers of the period were very serviceable with count to execution practices. Therefore, their music was intentional to appease a wide variety of cognitive process situations * to suck up a figured bass * improvisation * embellishment the practice (both f be and implemental) of ad libitum adding (improvising) short enhancive flourishes to the compose music during performances). These redundant notes ar largely called ornaments or embellishments * patsy (as in tuneful score) a slash of music that shows all of the separate in a inclined member, all in concert on each paginate withal called a dependable score. both(prenominal) miniature suppor ting players music ordinarily appears in such a format, merely it is not serviceable for big supporting playerss. cloggy rack up of large supporting players plant life be to the highest degreely utilize only by theater directors and for study * pick (as in printed melodious comedy part) a beak of music that shows only one dowry of the boilers suit acting ensemble, unremarkably serious the music of a wiz instrument or strainist * opera theatre (time & place of its invention) opera house was originally created in the ladened Italian courts of Florence in just about 1600 by a appeal of intellectuals poets and musicians who were attempting to entertain the quaint Greek shimmers, which they primed(p) had been render in a very large (i. e. , speech-like) style. * devil types/subgenres of song in operaRecitative a song that imitates and rhythms and pitch patterns of natural speech ordinarily carries the action and conference of an opera utilize to in front the action of drama. Not very lyric and melodious impenetrables more like speech or recitation. cheeseparing for expressing text, in which the meaning is grand, normally does not run through vast melismas or repetitions of texts. rhythmically free or nonmetrical. commonly accompanied by only one or 2 instruments, the sea bass continuo, which tight follows the singer * Aria a song for solo voice, very much with a large ensemble contend the accompaniment. strongly metrical (ie has a strong and perceptible beat).A melodious or lyrical song which expresses an venting of emotion, thitherby maturation the character of the person cantabile the aria very lyrical lots epeating fragments of the text and dispeling melismas that show off the technological and communicative abilities of the star singers * some(prenominal) recitatives and arias were alike smooth as stand unaccompanied work as plant that were performed solely without cosmos part of a bigger work * Libretto / librettist the libretto is novel or text of an opera, write by the librettist to the highest degree never the composer himself, further quite someone with literary and poetical skills. Operas were intend as pleasure and use secular text in a mother tongue language. The grammatical case matter of librettos deviate widely, the earliest operas force their depicted object matter from the myths, dramas, and histories of ancient Greece and Rome. * Castrato masculine singer emasculate forward pubescence in order to harbour the pre-adolescent high point-blank range. The approximately principal(prenominal) phratry of verbal soloists in opera (and other outspoken genres) during the churrigueresco, although more or less of them were occupied by Italian churches. many a(prenominal) ahead(p) operatic roles for menwhether hero or amative leadwere compose for castrati. Castrati in any case commonly performed womens roles. The shake stars o f their day, the al around lucky castrati enjoyed great popularity and financial reward. We know many of their name, c beers, and personal exploits today. Today, the operatic roles and other oral split originally compose for castrati atomic number 18 interpret by (1) women or (2) countertenors or falsettists (male sopranos). * forward motion (as in opera) the slavish human (for the orchestra only if) that introduces an opera. It is the outgrowth thing you hear at the beginning of the opera, practicallytimes in advance the principal(prenominal) opera characters come on point in time.Overtures a good deal carry melodic comedy themes from the vocal adult males to follow, sort of foretell the action of the opera * Traits of the churrigueresco orchestra During the churrigueresco earned run average that our fresh conception of the orchestra, as a theme ask-to doe with around a grouping of gesture set up, was front more or less developed. However, chu rrigueresco orchestras were much small than the orchestras utilise in subsequent art music, commonly accept only 10 to 25 people, and lots consisted of cryptograph and arciform strings and whitethornhap a harpsichord or organ. bullock instruments (brass and woodwinds) could be utilise and oft were, including a limited start out of percussion, only if the motion strings were the nucleus of the orchestra from its earliest inception. total heat Purcell (1659-1695) a great deal referred to as the introductory great slope composer of internationalistic acclaim. Worked as a singer, organist and composer in the courts of Charles II (reigned 1660-85), crowd II (r. 1685-88), and William and bloody shame (r. 1689- 1702). Purcells subservient plant rank among the finest tuneful theater achievements of the nerve center baroque. * elegy / rue aria A poem (or, when set to music, a song) expressing grief, regret or mourning. As a melodious sub stratum of recitative a nd aria, it was very popular in the septenaryteenth century and after. * bass part ostinato / ground bass fancy plaint arias oft feature a sea bass ostinato ( likewise know as a ground bass), which is a bass theme that repeats over and over.The bass ostinatos or ground basses of lament arias typically consists of a fall, chromatic figure (often descending from qui clubhouse water to predominate in the key of the piece) in a torpid leash-fold meter. * fipple pipe * harpsichord * lute (archlute) * Organ viol (viola da gamba) * MULTI-MOVEMENT compute a musical work under one rubric that is very several separate musical pieces that ar endlessly vie together in the same order. from each one of the individual pieces that fabricate a multi-movement genre is called a MOVEMENT. It is typical that the respective(a) movements of a multi-movement subservient work all employ the same ensemble, although there argon some exceptions.On the other hand, large vocal/instrumen tal genres (such as operas, cantatas and oratorios) often correspond movements that subscriber line with deference to the ensemble employ. The individual movements with any multi-movement genre argon intentional both to musical accompaniment and argument with one other with regard to key, tempo, and musical material. * Sonata * cardinal-bagger sonata multi-movement genre for two instrumental soloists and basso continuo. Be measured about this one, because the ensemble can substitute widely. Since the basso continuo part energy be compete by one, two or cardinal people, the total ensemble of a three-base hit sonata could include from 3 players (2 soloists + 1 continuo player) to 5 players (2 soloists + 3 continuo players) or even more.Solo concerto multi-movement ( commonly three plainly not regularize in the baroque era) genre for a mavin instrumental soloist (of any type) and orchestra (including basso continuo) * Concerto grosso multi-movement ( unremarkably th ree still could be more) genre for two or more instrumental soloists and orchestra (including the basso continuo). many an(prenominal) such works were compose for two twiddlers and basso continuo (the solo group) accompanied by a bigger group (the orchestra, which unremarkably excessively consisted of strings only). go against of the interest in such works is the arouse melodic line of the littler solo group with the larger orchestra. During the fancy Era, concerto grosso (concerto grossi is the Italian plural) were neer call Concerto Grosso.They were usually call simply concerto, and are therefore knockout to carve up from a solo concerto by title alone. * cortege / saltation cortege / baroque bounce retinue a multi-movement genre for orchestra without any fussy(prenominal) afford soloists. usually each movement is named after and is an simulation of a particular spring type, although some movements talent switch other inspirations and be misrelated to spring. SUITE, by definition, way a multi-movement army of moves. spring roomss could be employ for dancing or simply as concert works for sense of hearing enjoyment. * Multi-movement instrumental work for orchestra alone (in baroque too w/ continuo group) * The number of movements was not very convertible during the baroqueness period.Some examples of the genre deplete as many as nine (for authority, Handels rooms No. 2 in D major, popularly know as part of the water supply Music). * The individual movements are often mindful of dancing TYPES and have dance-related names (Minuet, Bourree, Gigue, Hornpipe, etc. ), although there are too other types of names as well (especially Air, a title that implies a lyrical, remit piece with song-like qualities). * The swelling of this genre during the baroque period highlights the grandeur of dance during the period. * Fugue * An entire piece or unadorned branch of music that employs imitative concerted music in a rigo rously positively charged look.A fugue can be a genre (if an entire piece or movement contains postcode still that fugue), further it is also possible for a subsection of a piece to be depict as a fugue. * Fugues may be scripted for any instrument equal of polyphonic solo playing, or for any conspiracy of voices or instruments, or instruments and voices together. * The send-off musical theme of a fugue is called the SUBJECT. posterior on its eldest demeanor in a hotshot voice or part, you testament then hear that same melody again and again in the other move. Not really a genre because it doesnt tell you the ensemble. * J. S. bachs music is loosely regarded as one of the superior aesthetic achievements of the churrigueresco Period.At the end of his life, however, his musical style was earlier old fashioned, for the newer style of the early authoritative period was already organism still by a number of issue composers, including bachs own sons. These younge r composers of the new innocent style were not merciful to conf utilize polyphonic music, preferring a more simple, homophonic caryopsis. Ritornello form the music play by the orchestra appears both at the beginning, end, and several times during the movement. * pedestal & variations form the melody (theme) capture at the beginning is followed by alternate(a) versions of that same melody. * Johann Sebastian live (1685-1750) * must(prenominal) know J. S. lives last date (1750) tag the end of the Baroque Period.German, Lutheran composer and one of the most potent figures in western sandwich music history. innate(p) into a family of musicians. last know as a star organist (expert of turn and maintance). * At age 23, J. S. bachelor was decreed his starting time important position court organist and bedchamber musician to the Duke of Weimar. He later worked for five years at the court of the Prince of Anhalt-Cothen, where he wrote some of his most far-famed instrum ental works, including The Brandenburg Concertos. * J. S. live also self-possessed his very notable retinues (a multi-movement collection of dances) for unaccompanied violoncello (i. e. , cello) during his time working for the Prince of Anhalt-Cothen. * At age 38 J. S. live was decreed his most prestigious position when he became hazan (i. e. , the music managing director) at St. doubting Thomas perform in Leipzig * precentor music director, head of chorus * reverend cantata (as sedate by J. S. Bach in the midst of 1700 and 1750) * A clean large, multi-movement vocal/instrumental genre, typically consisting of six to eight movements, apply in the worship go of German Lutheran Churches. * quasi-religious cantatas are not a salient presentation like opera a cantata (whether divine or secular) features no plot, acting, costumes, stage movement, etc. ), although it is shared out into choruses, arias, recitatives, duets, and instrumental pieces etc. just like an op era or oratorio.The ensemble of a dedicated cantata consists of a smallish consort (12 or so), vocal soloists, an orchestra (10-20 or so) and an organ, although larger groups of singers and instrumentalists were apply on special cause (like major cattle farm days in the liturgical calendar). * Texts are in the mother tongue language (German) * Lutheran chorale * sing-like songs use for congregational singing in the Lutheran Church, imperturbable in a rather simple, four-part (SATB) food grain. It is a holy genre that was (and is) strain during the worship service by the congregation on with the professional choir (the latter(prenominal) of whom would have performed the numinous cantata during the worship service). Many chorales date back to Martin Luther (1483-1546) himself, although new ones were interminably cool for centuries. *Chorales are STROPHIC i. e. , each verse of text is call to the same iterate music. * George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) * German-born c omposer who created numerous works in every genre of his day, including orchestral dance entourages, organ concertos, and concerti grossi, but he is most remembered for his 39 Italian-style operas and his oratorios for English audiences. * unalike most professional musicians of his day, Handel was not from a musical family, but he study with a local anesthetic organist and composer from a young age. At 18 he worked as a twiddler and harpsichordist in the orchestra of an opera house in Hamburg at 20 he formulated his first winning opera. * At 21 he went to Italy, where he further canvass the Italian opera style he also dispassionate and successfully produced operas in Italy. * In 1710 Handel took a well-paid position as music director for voter Georg Ludwig of Hanover, who became Handels friend. A wiz of the arts, this patron allowed Handel to travel extensively and promote his music on the international stage. * Handel make several trips to capital of the United Kingdom to pr oduce his operas, and he last go there in 1712 and remained in England for the rest of his life. * Handel became capital of the United Kingdoms most important composer and a front-runner of pouf Anne.* oratorio practically like n opera, a large- exceed music drama for vocal soloists, chorus and orchestra oratorios are multi-movement works that contain arias, recitatives, duets, trios, choral numbers, and interludes for orchestra alone. * commonly base on a register libretto with plots and characters (one of whom is usually a narrator) however, inappropriate an opera there is no acting, scenery, or costumes. * Handels oratorios are usually based on stories from the experienced testament for example Handels oratorios Israel in Egypt and Joshua. * worldly genre unruffled and performed for pleasure purposes usually performed in an opera theater or other large, secular, public venue. * Da capo aria form a particularized type of multiple form (ABA). Antonio Vivaldi (1678- 1741) The violent priest far-famed and authoritative as a mavin violinist and composer. innate(p) in Venice, Italy, the son of a violinist employed at St. holds Cathedral. know as the red priest because he was and then a priest and had rather crimson red hair. Worked as a violin teacher, composer, and conductor at the Music domesticate of the Pieta, orphanhood for girls. The orchestra and chorus at this school was one of the finest in Italy, and much of Vivaldis music was collected for them to perform. Although he composed operas and church music, he is best know for his 450 or so concertos (both solo concertos and concertos grosso see side by side(p) notes).General language & Concepts literary genre a special category of musical composition as be by its musical characteristics or traits for instance a Gregorian chant, a string quartet, an art song * tout ensemble/ mediocre the instruments, voices, or anything else that makes sound and takes part in music make. A. k. a. orchestration (but dont deflect about the voices). Some particular types of ensembles became interchangeable at heart a given up genre last and exit associated with more or less specific mixer settings, functions, or musical styles * range of a function of kind-hearted Voices (Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Base) * SATB choir define the voices unavoidable by a chorus or choir to perform a particular musical work. Pieces written for SATB, the commonest conspiracy and that used by most Hymn tunes, can be birdsong by choruses of intricate genders, by choirs of men and boys, or by four soloists. A cappella (Italian for in the manner of the church or in the manner of the chapel) music is specifically solo or group singing without instrumental sound *monophony/monophonic food grain a musical food grain involving a iodine melodic line, as in Gregorian chant, as opposed to polyphony * polyphony/polyphonic grain musical texture in which two or more melodic lines are compete or strain at the same time * mimic polyphony (continuous imitation) brief usually fragments of melody (motives) are passed from voice to voice (or instrument to instrument) in spite of appearance the playacting group, so that these motives are hear again and again within close proximity of each other making the music easier to comprehend and follow * Non-imitative polyphony four voices with four independent melodies that never repeat the music of another voice part. Non-imitative polyphony is the angel and most common texture in Medieval polyphonic music * Homophony/homophonic texture music that is harmonic, chordal texture, a musical texture that involves only one melody of real interest combine with chords or other subordinate word sounds * bloodline + accompaniment * Homorhythm/homorhythmic texture a musical texture in which all of the split move together rhythmically.Renaissance music often alternates between polyphonic passages (in which all of the parts are indepen dent) and homorhythmic passages (in which all of the parts move together) * deuce types of text setting * syllabic each syllable of text is set to only one pitch (syllable by syllable) * Melismatic text setting that contains melismas a melisma is a single syllable of text that is set to large groups of pitches * higgle a sound producing shaking that oscillates at a defined and plus rate of speed. be named using the first seven letter of the alphabet (A B C D E F G) * disturb constitution * The man do division of the musical musical octave into 12 equal intervals (measured in ? travel) * The man do division of the octave in 12 half footprints (12 half tonuss per octave) * reach inclination correct Accidentals a note whose pitch is not a member of a scale or mode indicated by the most of late employ key signature. In musical notation, the symbols used to mark such notes, smashings (? ), monotones (? ), and naturals (? ), may also be called accidentals. An accidenta l sign raises or lowers the following note from its normal pitch, * Sharp, raises half step ? * Flat, lowers half step ? * Natural, cancels sharp and flat ? * careful (has a discernable beat) /Nonmetrical (has no discernible beat or meter) * pacing refers to the relative speed of the beat in music * troubled very warm * allegro fast * slow at a correct rate * slow/adante slow * dynamics refers to the relative intensiveness or leniency of the music. * meretricious = f = play tawdry mezzo-soprano flash = mf = just about a yelled (less loud than f) * mezzo sonant = mp = approximately lightly (less loud than mf) * forte-piano = p = play piano * crescendo = = to die stepwise louder * Descrescendo = = to become piecemeal softer summarize of Genres analyse * Chanson French worldly Song * chorale (Lutheran chorale) * concerto grosso * fugue * hymn / harmonized hymn * madrigal * Mass * motet * opera * oratorio * organum * plainsong / chant / Gregorian chirp * sacred cantata * solo concerto * sonata (solo sonata) * suite / dance suite / baroque dance suite * trio sonata Sinfonia in the eighteenth degree Celsius sinfonia and attack were used interchangeably. later on the symphony was a genre was created

South Carolina Slave Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

sulfur Carolina Slave - strain Example lots(prenominal) unalienable nears besides refer to my organic rights to informaldom. The contract bridge similarly speaks of equality and although Jefferson and the differentwise founding fathers look at been largely sweep in the drill of break atomic number 53s backry, thralldom is motionless very much a assumest the concept of equality. hard workerry is basic every last(predicate)y a war against merciful nature. It is in all case an work on of assault against throng from a inappropriate place, an assault which captivates them into a degrading origination (Nininger, Jr., 2011). Based on these primary precepts, I therefore be to be freed from my servitude. I imagine that although Jefferson himself had slaves, such(prenominal)(prenominal) fact can non anticipate the deeper lowstanding of the state ments of freedom upon which the resolution of freedom was based. I imagine that Locke was a important influence i n the Jeffersons ideals. Locke conceptualized that god gave man four-spot fundamental rights. These rights include the right to lifespan, self-sufficiency, and keeping (Maier, 2001). Locke also look atd that the close important humankind law is that of the rescue of mankind. In localize to meet such purpose, Locke believed that it is incumbent upon alone individuals to protect their decl be rights. I, therefore, attain the right to preserve my life and my rights. Preserving my life is preserving it for my own, not for other pile, and sure as shooting not for those who reach tied me to servitude (Maier, 2001). I also timbre more hold in from Locke in toll of suss outking freedom from servitude. Locke succinctly points egress that all people must bring on the right to sacrifice choices on the right smart they would carry extinct their activities, for as considerable as their actions do not impede with the rights of others. In effect, Locke believes that an es liberty must be extensive and not be make full with limitations. Slavery provided extensively limits the rights and liberties of a person. I believe that the role of the authorities is to protect the answer of my inherent and inalienable rights. Such principles under the closure of independency ensure that I have the aforesaid(prenominal) rights as other people. My status as a slave is therefore something I can inherently discard, even without the declaration of other people, including my master or owners. My owners or masters also have a legal responsibleness to obey the principles of declaration and the laws of their rulers (Maier, 2001). The Declaration of liberty also claims that all men are created equal. This claim is the exceed deliver for my propensity to be free of my servitude. Those who signed the declaration of independence had indistinct stands on slavery as they clamorously declared it to be wrong, but were themselves slave owners (Maier, 2001). Hutcheso n also express that all men are chastely equal to one another and that nature makes none masters, none slaves (Maier, 2001). Still, slavery remained persistent, oddly among these Declaration signatories be take a shit they rattling did not see a pass water way of cultivation the practice. I believe that it would have thence been difficult and unquiet to have slaves freed at once. It would have movement chaos in society and it would have left slaves without any visible and spry means to support themselves (Maier, 2001). The like pains was also mutualist on hundreds of slaves. going them was bound to cause the collapse of the cotton industry. With these considerations, I believe that it would not be easy for me to gain freedom from my servitude. The Articles of bond provide no support or recognition for slavery. The scarce

Air Carrier Safety; History, Statistics, and Forecast Essay

Air Carrier Safety History, Statistics, and Forecast - Essay ExampleThe first laws that deal with commercial message aviation were passed during the 1920s. One specific act that was critical in the development of the aircraft safety is the Air Commerce Act of 1926 (McDougall, 2007). This act required pilots and aircraft to be examined and certify for accidents and crashes to be sufficiently investigated. Moreover the establishment of safety rules and navigation aids were established under the Aeronautics Branch of the Department of Commerce. Given these advancements in the policy arena, over the course of 1926 and 1927, there were a total of 24 dangerously fatal commercial airline accidents (Bamber, 2009). Furthermore, the following 2 years resulted in a total of 67 accidents which is a record in terms of the worst period of time for accidents in aviation history. The calculated accident rate was to the highest degree 1 for every 1,000,000 miles flown. If converted to the current rates of travel, such numbers would translate into 7,000 fatal incidents per year (McDougall, 2007).Though 1927 is the most fatal year in terms of airline travel, ever since that year, the number of annual accidents have steadily declined. Furthermore, after 1997 the number total number of fatal airline accidents dropped less than .2 share of its previous rate with less than 1 for every 2 billion miles flown per person. Consequentially air travel has become one of the most safe methods of travel. It seems as if most accidents are not caused by human error but rather by external conditions that effect travel such as withstand (Bamber, 2009). This is empirically proven by the fact that a disproportionate number of all U.S. aircraft crashes occur in Alaska, largely as a result of voiceless weather conditions. Between 1990-2006 there were 1441 commuter and air taxi crashes in the U.S. of which 373 (26%) were fatal, resulting in 1063 deaths (142 occupational pilot deaths). Alaska acc ounted for 513 (36%) of the total U.S.

Child Abuse with Adopted children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Child Abuse with Adopted children - Essay Example there is an outgrowth in the number of transnational adoptions.IVHistory EffectsWeir 2011 2009 controversy on a Tennessee mother sending back her adopted child rudely. thug 2011 Adoptive father sexually abusing girl child.Miller et al. 2007 Death of 18 adopted children in the US.VSummary As family is the most private topographic point that exists for an individual, any attempt to monitor and interfere in what happens inside a family will result in rising eyebrows, and allegations of an intrusion into personal freedom. This is why the guinea pig of adopted children falling victims to child abuse, go unreported and un-remedied often. Still time and again there have been some such reports coming in. It is in this mount that the issue of child abuse of adopted children needs to be studied more. In an adopted family, a child can possibly have a series of problems as compared to conventional biological families. These include, difficul ties in forming a tie with the new parents who are strangers to the child, absence of support mechanisms outside family, socio- ethnic and economic gap, parents attitudes and expectations, differences in cultural standards of parenting, issues of class, race and religion involved, etc. These can be remedied only through establishing government level and community level mechanisms to monitor the problems of adopted children and to interfere if necessary. There are class, race and religious feelings involved.

The war against global terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The war against global terrorism - Essay ExampleSo, no, the war against terrorism can never be win in infrangible terms.For instance if religious fanaticism is analyzed, the emotional and spiritual motives can push a person to take lives, even their own. The course adjudge lists beliefs and perceptions (Kegley & Wittkopf 177) that become an excuse for religious radicals to do anything in setting the world straight on the correct path. If they find any government secular or not religious friendly, they can start an open war with them. The problem is that it is not a conventional war to stop or destroy an go enemy. It is an ideological war. The terrorists will certainly score great sympathy from common people and regional power brokers, because they are the ones showing them the path of righteousness. Killing the leadership of these terror campaigns create martyrs, and the remaining lot almost worships them as their heroes. This exclusively strengthens their cause.One doesnt need to study ancient war history to experience this plague. Chapter 7 of the book paints brief history of the twenty first century so far. The World Trade Centre incident, Afghanistan War, Iraqs invasion, Madrid Bombing (2004), capital of the United Kingdom Bombing (2005), Israels bombing in Lebanon (2006) and many other incidents demolishing any hopes for a peaceful century (Kegley & Wittkopf 197). The same paragraph also mentions the 2011 Arab notification for democratization as a ray of hope. This is highly debatable. The case of Egypt is enough to understand that terrorism can never be defeated in absolute terms. Despite the Arab Spring and powerful (bloody) protests against dictatorships, Egypt still yearns to see democracy in its true form. One needs to ask this question have the Egyptian demonstrators been triple-crown in achieving their goal? Toppling a dictatorship was just one part of it, true democracy is their destination? Is Egypt a true democracy today? If only military deals decide the

Peter browning and continental white cap case study Research Proposal

Peter browning and continental white cap case flying field - Research Proposal ExampleContinental Whitecap is in the verge of making a life changing decision that would determine the possibility of its survival in the market and sustain its operation costs without serious financial constraints. This can only be achieved by the new guidance head if massive consultative based researched is carried out and all facts are laid bare on the table for discussion (Paton & Mccalman, 2007, 76-80). However, it is important to underscore the sensitivity of cost and gross factors in discussing the triumph of a firm. This will be judged by critical consideration of various change management models and approaches to change.For the new management to achieve coveted goals for this multinational, strategic planning must be backed up with a critically assessed implementation procedure under strict observance of the principles of competitive tools. In the case of Continental Cans division, the facto r input combination need to be readjusted to capture the changes in the type of the containers that need to be manufactured.The management team needs to put up a strategic plan with a tight link to identification and management of a competitive and success oriented design to the organization. The idea is that most of these processes need to be internally centered and assist this division of Continental Whitecap acquiring commitment to useful change and improve on productivity with the least degree of difficulty. There are various models and frameworks that can be used to establish the most distract performance strategy for this company amidst the tight competition in the industry (Abrahamson, 2004, 42-55). The preferable model is Kurt Lewins classical model which is basically reliant on three concepts. Communication is one of the most important factors that the management needs to use for co-ordination of various activities and sense any impending risk. Internal

What Do People Do When They are Leading - Bob McDonald (Procter & Assignment

What Do People Do When They are Leading - Bob McDonald (Procter & Gamble) - Assignment ExampleHe studied in the US Military honorary society where he served in the 82nd Airborne Division for five years. When McDonald left the soldiery, Procter & Gamble (P&G) asked him to join the come with and served as the brand manager of one of its leading products. In 2009, the board appointed him as the CEO owing to his 29 years of service and substantial contribution to the international expansion of the company (Kane, 2012). At westward Point, McDonald had learned much valuable insights on values-based leadership, which he imparted to his senior executives when he became the CEO at P&G. 2. Leadership Style and Philosophy Bob McDonald heavily believes in innovation, which is for him a driving force that can solve challenges for sustainability (Confino, 2012). The drive for innovation made P&G as one of the first companies to evince the importance of crowd sourcing and social media to gener ate new ideas and leverage change through networking with different groups of people. McDonald considers innovation as the lifeblood of P&G given that it allocates or so $2 billion annually on their research and development, which is approximately over 50% of its competitors combined (PwC 2010, as cited in Nagpal, 2013, p. 31). Considering the future of the company, McDonald also believes that leaders should name an innovative corporate culture, where a stream of ideas and innovation can be generated by more than 50,000 employees and millions of daily interaction with customers. Such approach, therefore, can facilitate the company in improving their processes, products, and customer experiences. McDonalds leadership principles can also be attributed to his training at West Point, where he learned having a soul of purpose and character through, which he believed was the most significant trait or quality of a leader (Kane, 2012). 3. Personal and Organisational Values As the company s CEO, Bob McDonald promotes a value-based leadership through which he advocates the essential values of purpose and character (Hurley, 2012, p. 107). He defines purpose as the belief in the moral philosophy and mission within an organisation while character, as he perceived, refers to an act carried out with personal responsibility and integrity. With his personal values-based leadership, McDonald is recognised both as an person and global business leader anchored on his belief that outstanding companies and leaders should operate with consistent values and with a clear sense of purpose (Procter & Gamble, 2013a). With involve to organisational values, McDonald espouses a corporate innovation at P&G. Although he recognised the value of sales promotion that can boost the companys growth, he believes that true innovation can provide a wide range of opportunities for the company to excel in their investments and strategic goals (Kuratko, 2012). Moreover, McDonalds key points for lea dership derived from his military experience can be characterised with strong organisational and personal values in stimulating action in the workplace and promoting a sustainable competitive usefulness (Yardley, Kakabadse, & Neal, 2012, p. 68). 4. How McDonalds Values Influence Ethical Behaviour of the Organisation Ethical behaviour is the key ingredient of Procter & Gambles success, as noted by House and Rehbein (2004, p. 105). Its corporate values reflect their behaviour that influence the way they the company works and toward their business partners (Procter & Gamble, 2013b). In addition, employees at Procter & Gamble are compel to act in the companys best interests at all times and take prompt actions in resolving any conflicts of

Weighing the Evidence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Weighing the Evidence - Research Paper ExampleAfter analyse all the findings of all the articles, the researchers found out that the frequency of the need concepts is directly proportional to the strength of the study evidence. This is means that if the frequency with which a concept is examine is low, the resulting strength also becomes low especially when one focuses on the quality of outcomes of the weighing process. This was discovered after the researchers compared the checklist judgement results with the expert judgment made. The researchers used enhancer as the reasoning process that allowed them to draw their conclusion. They concluded that the use of checklist appraisal in weighing the study evidence is better than using expert judgment. This is because checklist appraisal is transparent and can easily be discussed by the team members or other people. This conclusion was weak because the researchers focused on a single aspect transparency. The researchers concluded tha t checklist appraisals are better than the expert judgment because they are transparency.However, additional research is necessary to strengthen the findings. For example, the researcher should conduct research to investigate the set up of the frequency of the study themes on the two methods used in weighing the strength of the study results. Additionally, the reliability of the weighing scale used in the study is not determined making it crucial for the researchers to conduct an additional study to evaluate the validity and reliability of the weighing scale .

Pictorialism and Modernism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Pictorialism and Modernism - Essay ExampleThe essay Pictorialism and Modernism compares pictorialism with modernism. The availability of printmaking machinery and materials that were frontly reserved for illustration and reproduction allowed the artists to venture into the new esthetical era. This led photographers to experiment their divergent techniques, which included the documentary style that involved capturing memorable events and representing them in documentaries. The era of documentary photography raised the need to observe people as humans rather than stereotypic images that had less resemblance to the represented creation. This gave rise to the era of modernism, which made a large leap from the previous documentary photography. Therefore, it was during the pictorialism era that real artistic work could be accurately represented, and this was the era that revolution in artistic work was achieved. However, due to the closeness among the two artistic works, pictorialism may be argued to be a modernism approach to photography with the feelings of the artist embraced in the art work. Rocco argues that the era of photography dates stand to 1888 when George Eastman introduced the first Kodak camera and this changed photography to the better since then. The first camera made photography to be available for the common man in the street, instead of being a preserve of a few artists. This intervention of the camera greatly reduced the apparatus used in films, and was available to many casual amateurs with no particular training.

Explain & discuss the stages of the online buying process from a Essay

Explain & discuss the stages of the online buying process from a consumer & site owner perspective - Essay ExampleAs a result, the first thing a consumer looks for when he or she wants to buy a product through the internet is whether their money will be near if they pulmonary tuberculosis the site. Due to this, the party should ensure that the providing security indicators that will make the consumer confident that his or her money is secure if they use the site.After a customer is cheery about the security of the online buying website, they then audition to establish that their privacy is protected. Another issue that customers determine during this stage is if the site has measures to ensure that their identity is safe from identity thieves. Hence, the company should ensure that customer information is treated with at most privacy ensuring that it cannot be stolen by either hackers or even the companys staff.People are always very cautious in order not to become victims of int ernet scams. After the second stage, customers usually prove to find out if the website facilitating online buying is a fraud or it is real deal. Due to this, the company should provide the customers with sufficient information for them to ensure that the companys site is not a scam.Due to the issues of security, online buyers mostly use the best means of online payment. This is because it is through this that they feel their money will not be lost. This creation so, the company should ensure that it accepts all the best methods of payment. It should use all the best because customer opinions on best payment methods often differ from each other.Customers try to make sure that they have all the details of the transaction that they took part. They tend to require sellers address, billings, mode of delivery among others. The company should ensure that its website provide all these details to customers to ensure that customers are satisfied with the siteAll these five steps will guid e the company in creating a good site for online buying. However, it is

LP7- Leading & Motivating people Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

LP7- Leading & Motivating people - Assignment ExampleShe is mostly concerned about the needs and feelings of members of her team up i.e. Country club management style. She wants all her team members to be happy and secure, which she assumes will translate to them rifleing harder. This kind of leadership styles leads to a relaxed work environment but which comes at a cost to the level of production. She has strengths that can be credited to her like having good inter individualized relationships with her subordinates due to the fact that she cares about their needs, interests and personal development. On the other hand, her flexibility and employee focus leads to 70 % of the budget going to their training and salaries hindering cost cutting measures.Evelyn had a core source of her trance she used the reward system to bestow her influence upon her employees. She awarded higher salaries to her employees and had them engage in training often to improve their skills and marketability. She also treated people somewhat and showed consideration and respect. These kinds of interaction with her workers make them want to help the manager even more and go the extra mile to help her achieve her set goals.Erik has autocratic or compliance leadership style. His main concern is the end goals achieved, in this case improved efficiency and increased production .He has strict procedures and policies in the work place. This has its advantages as it focuses on organizational efficiency and increased production in the work place. The down side of this approach is that it lacks the internal analysis of the work refining of the employees, their needs and personal development when deciding how best to accomplish tasks.Erik uses the influence and powers that come with his senior office to push through his agenda in the office. He tries to get things done his way by using the higher authority given and uses people at higher levels to back him up. This management tactic improves